R oop covering



July 24, 1923. 1,462,772

E. R. SNYDER ET AL R OOF COVERING Filed Jan. 26. 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 1AME Z/y fim fi'w W 71% ATTORN EY July 24, 1923.

R. SNYDER ET AL ROOF COVERING Filed Jan 3 sheetssheet Z d 7% wzim ATTORNEY NVENTOR July 24, 1,923. 1,462,772

E. R. SNYDER ET AL ROOF COVERING Filed Jan. 26, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 3ATTORNEY Patented July 24, 1923.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIQE.

EDWARD IR. SNYDER OF EAST ORl-QCNGE, NEW JERSEY, AND CI-Ii'liRLE-S "W.MORTIMER,

OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS T TIE-IE BARRETT COMPANY, A CORPO-RATION OF NEW JERSEY.

E003? COVERING.

Application. filed January 26, 1920. Serial No. 354,0M.

To all whom it may concern Be 1t known that-we, EDWARD R. SNYDER andCHARLEs WV. MORTIMER, citizens of the 'United States, residing at-EastOrangeand Brooklyn, in the counties of Essex and Kings, and States ofNew Jersey and New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Roof Coverings, of which the following is aspecification.

" This invention relates to the production of shingles and the processof laying the shingles.

Heretofore it has been customary to make flexible roofing-material bymaking a felt base and saturating the same with water proofing material,after which it was coatedon one or .both sides with plastic material anda layer of wear-resisting material such as crushed stone, slate, etc,was applied. These sheets were cut into strips or shingles ormulti-shingles and applied for covering roofs. One of the objections hasbeen the monotonous appearance, and another objection has been that thecorners of the shingles would curl up, or be blown up by the wind.

The object-0f this invention is to provide a roof covering of flexiblematerial which shall be pleasing in appearance and in which danger ofcurling or turning-up at the ends or corners is minimized.

The invention will be understood from the description in connection withthe accompanying drawing, inwhich Fig. 1 represents a plan view of theshingle. v

Fig. 2 represents a plan view of a similar shingle with the corners cutaway.

Fig. 3 represents a planview of a similar shingle with the vertex cutoff.

Fig. 4 represents a plan view of a similar shingle with the corners andthe vertex out ofi. r

Fig. '5 represents a sheet of roofing material. showing the lines alongwhich it is out to produce the shingles of Fig. 3 or l.-

Fig. 6 shows a sheet of rooting material with the lines along which itmay be cut to produce the shingles of Figs. 1 and l. @Fig. 7 representsa group of shingles in the course of installation. d r

Fig. 8 represents a course of shingles a they appear on the roof.

Fig. 9 represents a course similar to Fig. 8, but made of othershingles.

Fig. 10 is a figure similar-to Fig. 7 repre having a wear-resistinglayer on one side thereof as more clearly shown in section in 12 so asto obtain shingles of'thc shape represented by reference character 1 inFig. 1. Shingles of the shape represented by reference character 2 ofFig. 2 may be ob tained by cutting the corners off along the lines 33 ofFig. 2. Shingles of the shape represented by reference character 4: ofFig. 4; may be obtained by cutting off the vertex along the line 5,as-shown. and shingles of the shape represented by reference characters6 of Fig. l may be obtained by cutting off the corners along the lines77 and cut ting oil the vertex along the line 8.

It is obvious that the shingles in Fig. 1 may be cut from a strip ofroofing material without involving any wastewhatever by so cutting thestrip that the bases of every other shingle are along one edge ofthestrip, and the bases of theother shingles are along the other edge.Shingles of the shape represented in Fig. 3.1nav be cut from a stripwithout waste in a similar way by merely having the lines 0-0 (Fig.spaced further apart than would be the case if exact triangles weredesired. Also by cutting the strip as represented at the right-hand endoi Fi 5 sh ngles of the shape shown in Fig. A: can he produced with awaste of no material except the small triangles near the line 7 7 ofFig. 5.

Fig. 6 shows a lay-out bv which shingles ot the shape of Fig. 1 andthose ot' the shape of l can be obtained from a single strip of roofingmaterial without the waste of a particle of materiah It is obvious thatin this case the altitudes of the shingles 1 and 6' will diiier tromeach other. These two types of shingles may be sold to differentcustomers or may be used on different roofs or thev mav even. be usedtogether as represented in Fig. 9 on the same roof.

In installing the Flexible shingles of the type described in thisapplication, a row of the shingles will be laid side by side with theirbases 'substantially parallel with each other, and with theirwear-resisting surface in contact with the roof deck as shown in F 7. Anail or fastening means 9 may then be driven through the upper portionof the shingle 1 into the rooi deck. A second row of shingles i is thenlaid in a similar manner except that the wear-resisting surface isturned up and the lower corners oi the shingles in the second rowoverlap the upper ends of the shingles of the first row. Nails orfastening means 10 may then be driven through the lower corners of theshingles oi the second row and through the upper end of the shingles oi?the first row into the roof deck. The lower portions oi the shinglesoil: the first row then turned upwards and laid over the spar-es brtweenthe shingles of the second row and overlap theiredges as indicated inFig. It is to be noticed that the amount of lap between the lines 11 and1.2 can be regulated by the distance that is maintained. between thebases of the first and second rows as they are being installed as shownin Fig. 7. A large portion of the points which project above the line llin F 7 and the points that are turned under as shown in dotted lines inthis figure is waste material so that a portion oi. the same can be cutoff as represented in 3 or the shingles can be so formed that thismaterial is not wasted as shown in Fig. 5. The overlapping of a row ofshingles over the edges of the row underneath them can also be regulatedby cutting away the corners as indicated in Fig. 2. F 9 shows clearlyhow the useless projection of the points shown in the upper portion ofFig. 8 can be obviated by cutting the shingles as represented in Fig. 6.

WVith the various expedients by which the user can regulate the overlapof the shingles of one row upon those of another row, he canhave a wideoption as to the amount of roofing material required per square of rootsurface. The three thicknesses of material along a portion of the loweredge 13 (Fig; or the tour thicknesses along a portion of the lower edge10) of a course will enhance the shadow etlect and relieve themonotonous appearance. By alternating with shingles, surfaced withassorted colors of surfacing materials, the appearance may also beimproved.

,It will .be understood that when a course of shingles has beeninstalled by having one row overlappin another row, as represented inFigs 8 and 9, that the next course farther up the roof will he installedso that its lower edge 1' overlaps the upper edge 6' of the coursepreviously installed as shown in Fig. 11.

Instead of installing the shingles as indicatedin Fig. 7 witli the lowercorners of the shingles 1 of the upper row adjacent each other, they maybe n'iade to overlap so that one nail would hold was corners and alsothe vertex of a shingle in the lower row as indicated at let, 10. Thedanger the lower terriers of the shingles curling up is eliminated witheither installation.

The shingles may be formed so that the converging lines as shown inFigs. 3 and 4 will be very apart, say two or three feet or more, so thatthe shingles become strips. These strips coulc. still be installed likethe shingles 6 in Fig. 9 without departing from the invention. it isobvious that two or more variegated colors may be used if desired togive a more pleasing appearance to the roof, or some of the shingles maybe of one color and others of another.

lVe claim: y

1. In the process of covering a roof, the steps which comprise laying arow of t'riangularly shapedpie ces of roofing material side by side,with their bases parallel, laying a second row above said first row, andtolding the lower part of said first row, over said second row. v 2. Inthe process of coverihg'a root, the steps which comprise laying a rowoft triangularly shaped pieces o'f roo'fing material side by side, with"their bases parallel, laying a second row above said first row' withtheir lower corners overlapping the upper portions of said first row,and folding the lower part of said first row over said second row.

3, In a rooi, triangularly shaped shingles arranged in horizontal rowswith two sets of said shingles. in each row, one set being arranged withtheir bases extending in a downward direction and the other set beingarranged with their bases extending in an upward direction, said last'named'set having the ends opposite their bases also eX- tending in anupward direction.

4. In a roof, triangul'arly shaped shingles arrangedin horizontal rowsof underlying and overlapping shingles, the underlying shingles havingtheir bases downward and the overlapping shingles having their basesupward, said overlapping shingles having their narrow ends extendingupwardly.

v In a roof, tiiangularly shaped shii gles arranged in horizontal rowsoi underlying and overlapping shingles, the underlying shingles havingtheir bases downward and the overlapping shingles having their basesupward, the vertices or the overlapping shingles being turned inwardlyand up wardly. v

6. In a roof, t-riangularly shaped shingles arranged in horizontal rowsof underlying and overlapping shingles, the underlying shingles havingtheir bases downward and the overlajiiping shingles haviiig th'eir basesupward, the yertices of the overlapping shingles being b'ent around thelower corners or" the said underlying shingles.

7. In a roof, triangularly shaped shingles arranged in horizontal rowsof underlying and overlapping shingles, the underlying shingles havingtheir bases downward and the overlapping shingles having their bases andalso their opposite ends extending upwardly.

8. In a roof, triangularly shaped shingles arranged in horizontal rowswith two sets of saidshingles in each row, one set being arranged withtheir bases extending in a downward direction and the other set beingarranged with their bases extending in an upward direction, and theirother ends underlying said first named set.

9. In the process of covering a roof, the steps which comprise laying arow of triangularly shaped pieces of roofing material side by side, withtheir bases parallel, laying a second row above said first row, andfolding the lower part ofsaid first row, over said second row, saidpieces of roofing material having wear resisting material on one sidethereof, said first row being initially laid with the wear resistingmaterial inward and row of triangularly shaped pieces of roofingmaterial, comprising a felt base and a coating of wear-reslstlngmaterial, with their bases parallel, laying a second row higher alongthe roof than said first row and folding the lower part of said firstrow over said second row,

11. The process which comprises laying a row of triangularly shapedpieces of roofing materal, comprising a felt base and a coating ofwear-resisting material, with their bases parallel and thewear-resisting material beneath, laying a second row higher along theroof than said first row with the lower cor- 11ers of their basesoverlapping the upper ends of said first row and the wear-resistingmaterial outwards, and folding the bases of said first row over saidsecond row.

In testimony whereof we afiix our slgnatures.

EDWARD R. SNYDER. CHARLES W. MORTIMER.

